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重型颅脑损伤（ SHI）患者伤后机体处于高分解代谢状态，能量消耗明显增加，机体处于明显的负氮平衡状态及严重的全身代谢紊乱，导致营养不良发生率明显增加，如不能及时补充营养，可加重患者继发性脑损害，严重影响疾病的预后。早期合理的营养支持可以改善全身代谢及负氮平衡，不仅有利于机体的修复，还有利于减少病残和死亡。该文就SHI的代谢特点、早期肠内营养支持的合理应用进展予以综述。“,”The body of severe head injury( SHI) patients was in a high catabolic state,with increased energy consumption,significant negative nitrogen balance and severe systemic metabolic disorder ,causing the malnutrition rate to increase significantly .The secondary brain injury can be aggravated if timely nutritional support is not given,seriously affecting the prognosis.Appropriate nutritional support can improve the body metabolism and negative nitrogen balance,not only helping to repair the body,but also reducing the disability and death.Here is to make a review of the progress in SHI metabolic charateristics and the application of early enteral nutrition support.