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人胰岛素Afrezza粉雾剂是由Mann Kind公司研发上市的速效吸入型胰岛素,即Technosphere胰岛素(TI),是药物和第二代吸入器的组合产品。人胰岛素粉雾剂是一种有效及耐受良好的降糖药物,用于1型糖尿病(T1DM)和2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者餐前给药降糖,提供了一种解决胰岛素初始治疗时诸如注射恐惧症、担忧体质量增加和低血糖风险的替代疗法。吸入TI的降糖疗效虽然低于皮下注射,但是低血糖和体质量增加的发生率更低,其长期疗效和安全性需要进一步深入研究。探讨了吸入TI粉雾剂的原理、药理作用、治疗T1DM和T2DM的临床疗效、安全性和耐受性等内容。
Human insulin Afrezza powder aerosol is a rapid-acting inhaled insulin developed by Mann Kind, namely Technosphere Insulin (TI), a combination of drug and second-generation inhaler. Human insulin powder aerosol is a potent and well-tolerated hypoglycemic agent used in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) for hypoglycemic pre-meal administration and provides a solution to the initial treatment of insulin Such as phobias, alternative therapies that are concerned about increased body mass and the risk of hypoglycemia. Although the hypoglycemic effect of TI inhalation is lower than that of subcutaneous injection, the incidence of hypoglycemia and the increase of body weight is lower, and its long-term efficacy and safety need further study. The principle, pharmacological action of inhaling TI powder aerosol and the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of T1DM and T2DM were discussed.