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根据间日疟原虫（Ｐ．ｖ．）小亚单位核糖体核糖核酸（ＳＳｒＲＮＡ）基因序列，设计并合成两对特异引物，采用套式聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术，扩增出一条长１２０个碱基对（ｂｐ）的间日疟原虫ＳＳｒＲＮＡ基因特定片段，并用于云南间日疟患者的血样检测。结果表明：该系统特异性强，除间日疟原虫外，恶性疟原虫（Ｐ．ｆ．）、三日疟原虫（Ｐ．ｍ．）及正常人血ＤＮＡ样本均无此扩增带出现。该系统检测原虫的敏感度为０．１个疟原虫／ｌμｌ血，大大高于常规镜检。在进行间日疟检测中，该系统与镜检的阳性符合率为１００％，更重要的是发现镜检漏诊的４例Ｐ．ｖ．和Ｐ．ｆ．的混合感染病例。鉴于该系统具有特异、敏感、稳定、简便的特点和鉴别疟原虫种类、判定混合感染等优点，故对疟疾的诊断、大规模流行病学研究及疫情监控具有应用价值
Two pairs of specific primers were designed and synthesized based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSrRNA) gene sequence of Plasmodium vivax (P.v.), using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) A base pair (bp) of Plasmodium vivax SSrRNA gene-specific fragments, and for the detection of vivax malaria patients in Yunnan. The results showed that this system was of high specificity. Except for Plasmodium vivax, there were no such amplification bands in P.f., P.milles, and normal human DNA samples. The sensitivity of the system to detect protozoa was 0.1 Plasmodium per 1 μl of blood, much higher than conventional microscopy. In the vivax malaria test, the positive coincidence rate of the system with microscopy was 100%. More importantly, 4 cases of P missed by microscopic examination were found. v. And P. f. Mixed infections. In view of the system has the characteristics of specificity, sensitivity, stability, simplicity and the identification of Plasmodium species, to determine the advantages of mixed infection, so the diagnosis of malaria, large-scale epidemiological studies and epidemic control has the value