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管内沸腾传热决定于汽泡的运动状况,而汽泡的运动状况,则决定于汽泡所受的作用力。文章根据作用于管壁生成汽泡上的力,导出了汽泡脱离壁面的临界直径的计算公式,从理论上解释了汽泡脱离壁面与汽流速度及密度差的关系。分析了在管流边界层中作用于脱离壁面的汽泡上的力,导出了汽泡运动相对速度的计算公式及汽泡走向管子轴心速度的计算公式。还进一步分析了汽泡的合并、变形和分裂的机理,并导出了相应的计算公式。
Tube boiling heat transfer depends on the movement of the bubble, while the bubble movement, is determined by the bubble force. Based on the force acting on the tube wall to generate the bubble, the paper derives the formula of the critical diameter of the bubble from the wall, and theoretically explains the relationship between the wall velocity of the bubble and the velocity and density difference. The force acting on the bubble breaking off the wall in the boundary layer of the pipe flow is analyzed, and the formula for calculating the relative velocity of the bubble and the formula for calculating the bubble velocity toward the pipe axis are derived. The mechanism of bubble merging, deformation and splitting is further analyzed, and the corresponding formulas are deduced.