小麦条锈病是由小麦条锈菌(Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici)引起的气流传播病害,在世界各主要麦区均有发生,也是我国小麦生产上危害最严重的病害之一。小麦条锈菌毒性变异频繁,易产生新毒性小种,导致小麦品种的抗病基因失效,引起小麦条锈病周期性流行。因此,了解小麦种植区的条锈菌群体结构组成及变异,对于制定更为有效的条锈病控制方法具有重要的意义。小麦条锈菌为专性寄生菌,常规的生理小种的鉴定及监测均基于病菌在鉴别寄主上的致病反应。我国已对小麦条锈菌群体的致病性进行了大量的研究,并开发出用于检测条中23号、水源类型、条 Wheat stripe rust is an airborne disease caused by Puccinia striiformis f. Sp. Tritici and occurs in all major wheat regions of the world. It is also one of the most harmful diseases in wheat production in China. Toxicity of wheat stripe rust frequent, easy to produce new toxic races, leading to disease-resistant wheat varieties failure, causing the cyclical epidemic of wheat stripe rust. Therefore, understanding the composition and variation of stripe rust population in wheat growing areas is of great significance for the development of a more effective stripe rust control method. Wheat stripe rust-specific parasites, identification and monitoring of conventional physiological races are based on pathogenic bacteria in the identification of host disease-causing response. China has carried out a large number of studies on the pathogenicity of wheat stripe rust population, and developed for the detection of Article 23, water type, Article