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近年来,我在化学教学中,对某些章节,运用了发现法,取得一定成效。兹以高中课本第二册第一章第七节〈电解原理〉的教学为例,介绍我的做法和点滴体会。第1课时〔复习提问〕用反应式表示图1装置中铁棒和碳棒上的变化,并标明电子流动的方向。(学生答:略。)〔引入新课题〕上面我们研究了化学能转变成电能,今天讨论电能可以转变为化学能。而近代发展起来的氯碱工业、电镀、电冶、电解精炼等等,就是这一原理在工业上和科学技术上的重要应用。今天我们说来研究电能转变为化学能的基本原理——电解原理。
In recent years, I have used certain methods of discovery in certain chapters in chemistry teaching and achieved certain results. The teaching of Electrolysis Principles in Chapter 7 of the second volume of High School Textbook 2 is used as an example to introduce my practice and experience. Lesson 1 (review questions) Reactions are used to represent the changes in the iron and carbon rods in the device of Figure 1 and indicate the direction of electron flow. (Students’ answer: Slightly.) [Introduction of new topics] Above we studied the conversion of chemical energy into electricity. Today we discuss that electricity can be transformed into chemical energy. The chlor-alkali industry, electroplating, electrowinning, electrolysis refining and so on developed in modern times are important applications of this principle in industry and science and technology. Today we are talking about the basic principle of the transformation of electrical energy into chemical energy—the principle of electrolysis.