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近年来,国际贸易对气候变化的影响已引起国内外学术界的普遍关注,如何合理准确计量国际贸易中的碳排放成为各国争论的焦点,原因在于核算方法的不同将直接影响到碳排放数据的可靠性和合理性,进而影响到各国碳排放的责任分担和气候变化会议的谈判。通过文献梳理发现,目前国内外学者对国际贸易碳排放的测度方法主要有IPCC法、投入产出法和生命周期法。基于此,文章对这三种测度方法各自的特点进行深入剖析,以期在对国际贸易碳排放问题进行研究时找到合适的测度方法,为我国制定低碳贸易政策和参与国际气候变化谈判提供有力的支持。
In recent years, the impact of international trade on climate change has aroused widespread concern in academia at home and abroad. How to measure carbon emissions in international trade reasonably and accurately has become the focus of debate among countries because the different accounting methods will directly affect carbon emission data Reliability and rationality, thus affecting the share of carbon emissions in all countries and the climate change conference negotiations. Through literature review, it is found that at present, the measurement methods of carbon emissions from international trade mainly include IPCC method, input-output method and life-cycle method. Based on this, the article deeply analyzes the respective characteristics of these three measurement methods, in order to find a suitable measurement method in the study of carbon emissions from international trade and provide a strong force for China to formulate a low-carbon trade policy and to participate in international climate change negotiations stand by.