核因子κB(NF-κB)是近年发现的一种重要转录因子,参与多种炎症细胞因子及免疫基因表达的转录、调节。一般情况下,NF-κB与抑制蛋白IκB结合呈非活性状态,受刺激激活后与其抑制蛋白IκB解离,进入核内,参与细胞因子、粘附分子、生长因子和急性期蛋白等因子的转录调控,在疾病的调节,尤其是炎症疾病的启动中起重要作用。本文就其在眼科方面的研究进展作一综述。 Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is an important transcription factor discovered in recent years, which is involved in the transcription and regulation of many inflammatory cytokines and immune genes. Under normal circumstances, NF-κB and inhibitory protein IκB binding was inactive, activated by stimulation and its inhibitory protein IκB dissociation, into the nucleus, involved in cytokines, adhesion molecules, growth factors and acute phase protein transcription Regulation plays an important role in the regulation of diseases, especially the initiation of inflammatory diseases. This article reviews its progress in ophthalmology.