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害鼠给经济、生态等带来很大损失,但作为生态系统的一员,鼠类的存在对有些生物是有益的,它们的洞穴可以作为鸟类等生物的栖息场所,鼠洞的多少反映了这些生物的生存条件。在鼠害治理中,不能将害鼠彻底消灭,否则将危害到得益于它们的生物。本文通过数学模型研究了害鼠治理下废弃洞、有效洞以及废弃洞数量/有效洞数量的动态规律,分析了治理措施、治理强度对鼠洞数量的影响。其中有效洞代表害鼠的数量,废弃洞(有时要加上有效洞)代表得益于害鼠的生物的生存条件。在任何治理措施下,有效洞数量都减少,但废弃洞数量可能增加也可能减少,受控制强度及种群参数的影响。废弃洞数量/有效洞数量在综合治理时不变,在不育控制时减少,在其他情况下增加。
Rodents cause great economic and ecological losses. However, as a member of the ecosystem, the existence of rodents is beneficial to some organisms. Their caves can serve as a habitat for birds and other organisms, and the number of rat holes reflects The living conditions of these creatures. In the rodent control, the wounded rats can not be completely eliminated, otherwise it will endanger the biological benefit from them. In this paper, the dynamic laws of waste hole, effective hole and the number of abandoned hole / effective hole under pest control were studied by mathematical model, and the influence of governance measures and governance intensity on the number of rat holes was analyzed. The effective hole represents the number of harmful rats, abandoned holes (sometimes with effective holes) on behalf of benefited from the living conditions of harmful creatures. Under any control measures, the number of effective holes is reduced, but the number of abandoned holes may increase or decrease, depending on the control intensity and population parameters. The number of discarded holes / the number of effective holes is constant at the time of comprehensive management, decreases at the time of infertility control, and increases in other cases.