IntroductionNerve growth factor (NGF) was first discovered and purified by Rita Levi-Montalcini and Stanley Cohen in the 1950s[1,2]. It represents the first cellular growth factor ever discovered and involved in the growth, survival, and differentiation of specific nerve cell populations[3]. Although animal tests and phase-Ⅱ clinical trials indicate that rhNGF could be an effective treatment for diabetic[4] and HIV-related neuropathies[5] , a large-scale phase-Ⅲ clinical trial has failed to give similar result[6].