论文部分内容阅读
清末直省会议厅的设置,标志着行省政务决策模式由督抚独断和幕友私人参谋向近代行政合议制的转换。光宣之际各省会议厅设置后,起初不仅在官僚体系内部即官的层面开放决策权,有限度地公开决策过程,而且将决策权部分向士绅开放,一度形成上下内外合议的决策模式。但是,在集思广益与权力掌控之间,经过前后反复,当局试图通过制度调整重建符合自己利益的行政秩序,且取其形而异其质。经过三个阶段的调整,会议厅合议的功能逐渐因督抚独断的强化而削弱。清末新政官制改革所反映出来的中西行政概念差异,以及围绕会议厅规则的几番变异,展示出近代政治制度变革进程的艰难与曲折。
The establishment of the Direct Provincial Conference Hall at the end of the Qing dynasty marked the switch of the decision-making model of the provincial government from the independence of the governor and the private staff of Mokuyo to the modern administrative joint-assembly system. After the establishment of the provincial conference hall at the beginning of the Guangxuan Period, initially the decision-making power of both inside and outside the bureaucratic system was opened, the decision-making process was opened up to a limited extent, and part of the decision-making power was open to the gentry. However, between the brainstorming and the control of power, after repeated attempts, the authorities tried to reconstruct the administrative order that suits their own interests through the system adjustment and take its own form. After three stages of adjustment, the function of collegial meeting gradually weakened due to the intensification of the governor and the governor. The differences between Chinese and Western administrative concepts as reflected by the reform of the new system of government in the late Qing Dynasty and the repeated variations around the rules of the conference hall show the difficulties and twists in the process of the transformation of the modern political system.