一、引言定向聚合这一新方向的开創有人称之为高分子科学中的革命,因为这不仅大大的推动了整个高分子学科的发展,同时很快的給化学工业提供了新的大品种,如聚丙烯、聚异戊二烯及聚丁二烯等。本文打算对丙烯的定向聚合作一些介紹,应該指出,整个定向聚合的研究工作首先是从聚丙烯的合成开始的,尤其是Natta在这方面进行了相当系統的研究,同时聚丙烯的工业生产发展也很快,从1954年开始在实驗室研究,到1957年在意大利及西德已經有了工业产品,而在1962年美国聚丙烯的生产能力达到20万吨。聚丙烯发展如此之快,主要是因为原料便宜易得,而且产品用途很广。聚丙烯生产的特点是原料单純,除少量催化剂外不需要很多其他輔助原料。但生产技术要求非常严格,如丙烯純度一定要在99％以上,其中有些杂貭的含量只允許百万分之几,但生产 I. INTRODUCTION The new direction of Directed Polymerization has been called the revolution in polymer science because it not only greatly promoted the development of the whole polymer discipline but also quickly provided the chemical industry with a new large variety , Such as polypropylene, polyisoprene and polybutadiene and so on. This article intends to introduce some of the directional polymerization of propylene, it should be pointed out that the entire orientation of the first polymer from the beginning of the synthesis of polypropylene, Natta in particular, conducted a fairly systematic study in this regard, while the industrial production of polypropylene The development is also fast, starting in 1954 in laboratory studies and by 1957 already had industrial products in Italy and West Germany, whereas in 1962 the polypropylene production capacity in the United States reached 200,000 tons. The rapid development of polypropylene, mainly because of cheap raw materials, and a wide range of products. Polypropylene production is characterized by simple raw materials, with the exception of a small amount of catalyst does not require a lot of other auxiliary materials. However, the technical requirements of production are very strict. For example, the purity of propylene must be above 99%, some of which may only allow parts per million, but the production