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目的:分析头孢菌素类抗生素致不良反应发生情况,并探讨积极的应对措施。方法:选取2013年2月—2014年3月间临床使用头孢菌素类抗生素治疗的1 542例患者作为研究对象,使用药物主要有头孢他啶、头孢噻啶、头孢呋辛钠以及头孢曲松钠等药物;分析头孢菌素类抗生素致不良反应发生情况和发生率,并探讨积极的应对措施。结果:1 542例头孢菌素类抗生素使用患者中,其中48例患者发生头孢菌素类抗生素药物不良反应(ADRs)症状,其ADRs的发生率为3.11%;ADRs以变态反应为主占45.83%,其余依次是胃肠道反应、血液系统反应、肾毒性反应以及肝毒性反应,分别占33.33%,14.58%,4.17%以及2.08%。结论:临床采用头孢菌素类抗生素治疗时,应结合患者病情或药敏结果给药,最大程度降低其ADRs的发生率;如出现不良反应立即停药,并积极采取对症处理。
Objective: To analyze the incidence of adverse reactions caused by cephalosporin antibiotics and to discuss the positive countermeasures. Methods: A total of 1 542 patients who were treated with cephalosporin antibiotics during the period from February 2013 to March 2014 were selected as study subjects. The drugs used were ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefuroxime sodium and ceftriaxone sodium Drugs; analysis of cephalosporin-induced adverse reactions and incidence of antibiotics, and to explore the positive response. Results: Of the 5442 cases of cephalosporins antibiotics, 48 cases of them suffered from cephalosporin antibiotic adverse reactions (ADRs), the incidence of ADRs was 3.11%; the ADRs accounted for 45.83% , Followed by gastrointestinal reactions, hematological reactions, nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, accounting for 33.33%, 14.58%, 4.17% and 2.08% respectively. Conclusion: When cephalosporin antibiotics are used in clinic, patients should be treated with their disease or susceptibility to minimize the incidence of ADRs. If adverse reactions occur, they should be stopped immediately and symptomatic treatment should be actively taken.