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工人阶级形成的社会学研究领域,存在着经济中心主义、文化研究、社会保护、政治体制、社会运动等几种分析范式。近年来,随着中国正在成为世界工厂,工人研究中出现“返回生产”、“返回马克思”的经济中心主义思潮。社会保护范式是随着社会主义国家改革而出现的,且在共产主义文明社会中尤具解释力。文化主义范式是大众文化研究范式在工人群体研究中的延伸,在文化工业全球化的趋势中,群体的亚文化认同将是工人阶级形成的重要尺度。政治体制及社会运动范式则分别从政治体制变革、社会体制对社会运动的涵化角度对前几种范式构成有益补充。
The sociological research field formed by the working class has several analytical paradigms of economic centralism, cultural studies, social protection, political system and social movement. In recent years, as China is becoming a factory in the world, the workers’ studies have emerged with the economic centrism of “returning to production” and “returning to Marxism.” The social protection paradigm emerged with the reform of the socialist countries and was especially explanatory in a communist civilized society. The cultural paradigm is an extension of the research paradigm of mass culture in the study of workers’ groups. In the trend of the globalization of cultural industry, the sub-cultural identity of the group will be an important measure for the formation of the working class. The political system and the social movement paradigm supplement the former paradigms from the perspectives of political system reform and social system’s socialization.