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洪钧(1839—1893)于光绪十三年夏至光绪十七年出任清朝出使俄、德、奥和荷兰四国大臣,任内期间,除维持与驻任国间正常的外交往来外,还探访与汇报欧洲最新情势、处理中俄边事、购买军械、编译《中俄交界全图》和译注蒙元史等。作为驻外使节,他不仅在中外交涉方面,而且在西北史地学与蒙元史研究方面,占有重要地位。考察洪钧使欧事迹,可以看到晚清对外关系中的外交与洋务并行,驻外使臣职责的弹性及其限度,以及其本人著述《元史译文证补》的机缘与条件。
Hong Jun (1839-1893) In the thirteen years of the Guangxu period, he became the Minister of the four countries of Russia, Germany, Austria and the Netherlands during the summer solstice in the 17th year of the Guangxu period. During his tenure of office, he also visited and reported in addition to maintaining normal diplomatic relations with his country. The latest situation in Europe deals with the Sino-Russian fronts, purchasing ordnance, compiling “the whole picture of the border between China and Russia” and interpreting Meng Yuan Shi. As an ambassador in China, he not only plays an important role in the study of Sino-foreign negotiation but also in the study of history and geography in Northwest China and the study of Mongolian history. The study of Hong Jun’s achievement in Europe shows the parallel between diplomacy and foreign affairs in the diplomatic relations in the late Qing Dynasty, the flexibility of the duties of foreign ambassadors and their limits, as well as the chances and conditions of his translation of “Yuan Shi’s Translation of Witnesses.”