正常成年人体内约含铁4～5克,仅占体重的万分之一。尽管所占比例极低,但其作用却非常重要。铁是机体生成血红蛋白、肌红蛋白及含铁酶类的基础原料,是人体的必需微量元素,在体内参与氧和二氧化碳的运输。人的膳食中长期缺铁或铁吸收受到限制,则可引起缺铁性贫血,严重影响儿童的生长发育,并对其免疫功能、智力发育均有不良的影响。 食物中的铁分非血红素铁和血红素铣两种。非血红素铁主要存在于植物性食物中,如米、面、蔬菜;血红素铁主要存在于动物性食物中,如动物肝、肾,瘦肉及鱼类食物。动物肝脏不但富含铁,而且富含蛋白质、维生素和无机盐。如每百克猪肝含铁量25毫克,人体对其吸收率高达22％,是食物中铁吸收率最高的。肉、禽、鱼等食品含铁量也较多,属血红素铁,吸收率也较高,一般在10％～22％。各种动物血液属于 Normal adults about 4 to 5 grams of iron, accounting for only one ten thousandth of the weight. Although its share is extremely low, its role is very important. Iron is the body to generate hemoglobin, myoglobin and iron-containing enzymes based on raw materials, is an essential trace element in the body, in the body involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Long-term human dietary iron deficiency or iron absorption is limited, can cause iron deficiency anemia, a serious impact on children’s growth and development, and its immune function, mental development have adverse effects. Food in the iron non-heme iron and heme milling two. Non-heme iron is mainly found in plant foods such as rice, noodles and vegetables. Heme iron is mainly found in animal foods such as animal liver, kidney, lean meat and fish food. The animal liver is not only rich in iron, but also rich in protein, vitamins and inorganic salts. Such as the amount of iron per 100 grams of pig liver 25 mg, the body’s absorption rate as high as 22%, is the highest absorption rate of iron in food. Meat, poultry, fish and other foods more iron content, is a heme iron, absorption rate is higher, generally 10% to 22%. A variety of animal blood belongs