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大瑶山隧道班古坳竖井全长440.123米,是目前全国最深的竖井,凿井分为地表层施工、井架设备安装和井底施工三个阶段.井底施工如何解决起爆问题直接影响着主隧道的施工进度及施工人员和设备的安全。按规范规定,竖井施工严禁用火雷管起爆。但用电雷管又杂感电流多(井中有通信电缆、照明电流等),起爆不稳定。工地上的技术人员发明了一种土制电雷管,构造如图所示:电阻丝、纸壳和黑色炸药构成纸雷管,火雷管在使用时才接上去。使用时,接通380伏电源,电阻丝发红,引起火药燃烧(黑色火药对磨擦、冲击、火焰的感度较强),相当于导火索,引起火雷管导爆,从而引爆炸药。这种纸雷管在竖井施工中使用后,效果一直很好。由于它起爆稳定,补
The Dagushan Tunnel Banguyan shaft is 440.123 meters in length. It is currently the deepest shaft in the country. It is divided into three stages: surface construction, derrick equipment installation and bottom hole construction. How to solve the detonation problem directly affects the owner. Construction progress of the tunnel and safety of construction personnel and equipment. According to the regulations, it is forbidden to use a detonator to detonate the shaft. However, the electric detonator has more noise currents (communication cables, lighting currents, etc. in the well), and the detonation is unstable. The technician on the site invented an earth-made electric detonator. The structure is as shown in the figure: The resistance wire, the paper shell and the black explosive constitute a paper detonator. The detonator is connected when it is used. When used, the 380 volt power supply is turned on, and the resistance wire is red, causing the burning of the powder (black gunpowder has a higher sensitivity to friction, impact, and flame). This is equivalent to a fuse, causing the detonator to detonate, thereby detonating the explosive. This kind of paper detonator has been used very well after being used in shaft construction. Because it detonates and stabilizes, make up