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民国时期,灾害频仍.据统计,自民国成立至抗战全面爆发的20几年间,“各种灾害之大者,竟达七十七次之多”.而民国1931年的大水灾,无论从受灾的范围来说,还是从危害的程度来说,在民国乃至于近代的灾荒史上,都是空前的.此次水灾,全国“被灾省份计有十七省之多,灾民几达七八千万人,淹没农田约占七万万亩”.“人民死于水患及病疫者,日以百千万计”.其中以湘、鄂、赣、皖、苏、豫、鲁、浙八省受灾最重.据估计,此次水灾的总损失在50亿元以上,仅农产品的损失即达4亿余元.八省的农作物年产量占平常年景的百分比是:稻米为38%,高粱、小麦为29%,棉花为24%.前五省89县的流亡人口占五省总人口的40%.
According to statistics, from the establishment of the Republic of China to the full outbreak of the war of resistance against Japan in the past 20 years, “the greatest number of disasters reached as many as 77 times.” In the Republic of 1931 floods, The extent of the damage is unprecedented in the history of the Disasters of the Republic of China and even in the modern era. “The floods hit as many as 17 provinces in the affected provinces as a whole, Million people, submerged farmland accounts for about 70 million mu. ”“ People die in floods and sickness, millions of days. ”Among them, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong and Zhejiang provinces hit The heaviest.It is estimated that the total loss of floods in more than 5 billion yuan, only the loss of agricultural products that amounted to 400000000 yuan.Among eight crops annual yield as a percentage of the average annual is: 38% of rice, sorghum, 29% for wheat and 24% for cotton, with 89 of the top five provinces accounting for 40% of the total population of the five provinces.