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利用区域调查采样方法,对吉林省梨树、德惠和榆树黑土样品进行物理指标分析,并与休闲黑土和第二次全国土壤普查的部分结果进行比较,探讨吉林省典型黑土物理性状的变化特征。结果表明,调查范围内表层黑土从北到南,砂粒、粉(砂)粒含量逐渐增加,黏粒含量却呈降低趋势;土壤容重也逐渐降低;但是土壤硬度和三相比没有明显的地域变化趋势。与公主岭休闲黑土相比,三地区耕层土壤硬度均略有增加;固相和气相比例增加,液相减少。与第二次全国土壤普查相比,土壤存在向粗粒化演变的趋势;并且土壤容重有所下降,这可能与自普查以来人们逐渐重视有机肥投入,加大秸秆还田比例,降低田间操作次数等因素有关。
By using the method of regional survey and sampling, the physical indexes of the black soil samples of Lishu, Dehui and Elm in Jilin Province were analyzed and compared with the results of the leisure black soil and the second national soil survey to explore the change characteristics of the physical properties of the typical black soil in Jilin Province . The results show that in the survey area, the content of sand and grain increases gradually from north to south while the clay content decreases while the bulk density decreases gradually. However, there is no obvious change in soil hardness and three phases trend. Compared with the recreational black soil in Gongzhuling, soil hardness of topsoil slightly increased in all three areas; the proportion of solid phase to gas phase increased and the liquid phase decreased. Compared with the second national soil survey, the soil tends to be coarse grained, and the soil bulk density has declined. This may be due to the fact that people pay more attention to the organic fertilizer input since the census, increase the proportion of straw returned to the field, and reduce farm operations Frequency and other factors.