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基于省级面板数据,在采用非参数Malmquist指数测度我国乡镇企业全要素生产率(Total Factor Productivity,TFP)水平的基础上,构建计量经济模型实证检验市场结构、政策环境与乡镇企业TFP增长的关系。研究结果发现:总体上,2001—2013年我国乡镇企业TFP平均增长率为3.0%,且技术效率的贡献大于技术进步;市场结构显著影响乡镇企业TFP增长,其中,集体企业数量占比的影响显著为负,外资企业数量占比和出口能力的影响显著为正;政策环境显著影响乡镇企业TFP增长,政府支持和金融支持均有助于促进乡镇企业TFP增长,且政府支持对乡镇企业TFP增长的作用要大于金融支持。
Based on provincial panel data, a non-parametric Malmquist index is used to measure the level of total factor productivity (TFP) in China’s township enterprises. Econometric models are constructed to test the relationship between market structure and policy environment and TFP growth of township and village enterprises. The result shows that TFP of our country’s township enterprises from 2001 to 2013 has an average growth rate of 3.0%, and the contribution of technical efficiency is greater than that of technological progress; the market structure significantly affects TFP growth of township and town enterprises. Among them, the effect of the proportion of collective enterprises is significant Negative, the proportion of foreign-funded enterprises and export capacity significantly positive impact; policy environment significantly affect the TFP growth of township enterprises, government support and financial support are conducive to promoting TFP growth of township enterprises, and government support for TFP growth of township enterprises More than financial support.