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长轴类零件在冷挤压过程中易发生弯曲变形,针对凹模定径带误差,建立了有限元模型,研究了定径带相对长度、入模半角、坯料直径对弯曲变形的影响。模拟结果表明:适当增加定径带相对长度和入模半角,减小坯料直径均有助于减小定径带误差对弯曲变形的影响。工艺试验显示,改进后的工艺参数能有效降低花键轴的弯曲变形,提高成形质量,数值模拟结果对生产实际有较好的指导作用。
In the process of cold extrusion, long shaft parts are prone to bending deformation. According to the error of the sizing belt diameter, a finite element model is established. The influence of the relative length of the sizing belt, the half angle of the die and the diameter of the billet on the bending deformation is studied. The simulation results show that increasing the relative length of the sizing belt and the half-angle of the die and reducing the blank diameter can all contribute to reducing the influence of the sizing error on the bending deformation. Technological tests show that the improved process parameters can effectively reduce the bending deformation of the spline shaft and improve the forming quality, and the numerical simulation results have a good guiding effect on the actual production.