本文着重探讨了明清时期闽粤赣三省虎灾的成因、危害及其分布和演变趋势。指出这一时期三省虎患之所以空前绝后，主要原因就是随着大量人口不断向山区进逼和新作物的引进推广而出现的山区开垦规模的扩大，其对山林资源的严重破坏，激化了虎与人之间的矛盾：要么虎吃人，要么人杀虎。其后，山区开发已达极限，老虎不断为民捕杀，乃至造成华南虎濒于绝种的境地，虎患随之减少。 This article focuses on the causes, harms, distribution and evolution trends of the tiger plague in the three provinces of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is pointed out that the reason why the tiger affliction in these three provinces are unprecedented in this period is mainly due to the increasing scale of reclamation of mountainous areas as a large number of people keep pushing in the mountains and introducing and popularizing new crops. The conflict between: either eat tiger, or kill tiger. Since then, mountain development has reached the limit, the tiger continued to kill for the people, and even cause the South China tiger endangered situation, tiger suffering decreased.