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马克思之所以批判正义,乃是因为其矛头无处不是指向资本主义正义。资本主义正义以普遍性掩盖阶级性、以永恒性掩盖暂时性,是妨碍工人进行革命斗争的麻醉剂。马克思虽然没有关于正义观念的系统表述,但不能因此否定马克思主义所具有的正义内涵。马克思主义的正义观表现在生产资料社会所有、按劳分配和按需分配等方面。按劳分配的合理依据不是人对自身劳动能力的所有权,而是人对自身劳动能力的使用权。按劳分配与按需分配是共时性而非历时性的分配原则。
The reason why Marx criticizes justice is because his spearheads point to capitalist justice everywhere. Capitalist justice covers the class with universality, masks the temporary with permanence, and is an agent that prevents workers from carrying out revolutionary struggles. Although Marx does not have a systematic expression of the concept of justice, it can not deny the connotation of justice possessed by Marxism. The Marxist view of justice is manifested in the social ownership of productive means, the distribution according to work and the distribution on demand. The reasonable basis for the distribution according to work is not the ownership of one’s own work ability, but the right of one to use one’s own work ability. Distribution according to work and distribution on demand is a synchronic rather than diachronic principle of distribution.