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由于化肥的过度使用对环境的不利影响,微生物肥料的研究得到了广泛关注。实验利用甘薯淀粉废水培养解淀粉芽孢杆菌并将其作为微生物肥料用于雪菜种植。通过盆栽实验考察了尿素(CN)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌菌液(BF)、解淀粉芽孢杆菌灭活菌液(BI)、甘薯淀粉废水(SW)、尿素结合微生物肥料(BC)对蔬菜产量、NO3-、NO2-含量,以及土壤性状,N2O排放的影响。试验表明:BC和CN在蔬菜产量方面比CK提高了5倍。BF和SW对蔬菜产量影响不显著。半量氮肥配合菌肥处理(BCL)表现出与CN相近的增产效果,而蔬菜NO3-含量同CN处理相比下降了16.4%~73.6%,土壤NO3-含量降低了22%~29%,降低了土壤中氮淋溶风险;土壤N2O(FPV30)平均排放量较CN处理降低了58.3%~73.1%。综上,利用淀粉废水培养解淀粉芽孢杆菌不仅可以资源化利用废水,并且其产物可作为一种绿色肥料应用于蔬菜种植,为淀粉废水资源化利用和农田温室气体减排提供了一个新思路。
Due to the adverse effects of excessive use of fertilizers on the environment, the research of microbial fertilizers has drawn extensive attention. Experiments using sweet potato starch wastewater culture of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and microbial fertilizer used as pickled vegetables cultivation. Pot experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of urea (CN), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BF), inactivated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BI), sweet potato starch wastewater (SW) and urea combined with microbial fertilizer on the yield of vegetables, NO3-, NO2- content, and soil properties, N2O emissions. Tests showed that BC and CN were increased five times more than CK in vegetable yield. The effects of BF and SW on vegetable yield were not significant. Compared with CN, the yield of NO3- in vegetable decreased by 16.4% -73.6% and the content of NO3- in soil decreased by 22% -29%, which was decreased by half amount of nitrogen fertilizer combined with microbial fertilizer treatment (BCL) The leaching risk of N in soil was lower than that of CN treatment. The average soil N2O (FPV30) emission was reduced by 58.3% -73.1% compared with that of CN treatment. In summary, the use of starch wastewater to cultivate Bacillus amyloliquefaciens not only can use wastewater, and its products can be used as a green manure in vegetable cultivation, which provides a new idea for the utilization of starch wastewater and greenhouse gas emission reduction.