肇始于１９世纪中期的中国现代化运动一开始就遇到了两大难题，一是中国现代化的社会政治前提问题，一是中国现代化的道路问题。为了解决第一个难题，中国人民奋斗了一个世纪，直到中华人民共和国成立，这一难题才从根本上得到了解决。在中国现代化社会政治前提的解决过程中， The Chinese modernization movement that began in the mid-19th century encountered two major problems at the very beginning. One was the social and political prerequisite for China’s modernization and the other was the road to modernization in China. In order to solve the first difficult problem, the Chinese people fought for a century and until the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, this problem was fundamentally resolved. In the process of settling the political premise of China’s modern society,