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1973年在吉林省东部林区发现的落叶松枯梢病,系由真菌Guignardia laricina(Sawada)Yamamoto et K.Ito.侵染所致。主要为害落叶松当年新梢。全省因该病每年减少蓄积生长量达7万立米以上。兴安落叶松、华北落叶松、朝鲜落叶松、海林落叶松易感病,日本落叶松发病轻微。6—15年生林分发病重。病原菌以菌丝、分生孢子和未成熟的子囊座在病枝或梢端残留针叶上越冬。子囊孢子和分生孢子均可成为初次侵染源。子囊孢子分生孢子分别借风和雨水传播。病原菌由伤口侵入寄主,潜育期10—15天。性孢子无发芽侵染能力,子囊孢子和分生孢子在23—35℃均可发芽。最适发芽温度为25—27℃。光照是人工培养基上产生子实体的重要条件。在爆光培养下,病菌在玉米粉蔗糖培养基上产孢数量较多。 6月末至7月初是病原菌主要传播侵染时期,7月上旬开始发病,7月中、下旬为发病盛期。6—7月份多雨、高湿可促进病害蔓延加重病情。应用五氯酚钠烟剂(15公斤/公顷)或采用70％托布津1000倍、65％代森锌400倍、8-羟基喹啉1000倍、40％福美砷300倍、50％代森铵300倍,在6月末防治一次,或在6月下旬至7月上旬进行二次防治,均有一定防治效果。
Larch blight, found in eastern Jilin Province in 1973, was caused by the infection of the fungus Guignardia laricina (Sawada) Yamamoto et K. Ito. Main damage Lushu new shoots. The province due to the disease each year to reduce the accumulation of growth of more than 70,000 cubic meters. Larix gmelinii, Larix principis-rupprechtii, North Korea larch, Larix olgensis susceptible, Japan larch minor. 6-15 years old forest disease weight. Pathogens to hyphae, conidia and immature ascomum in disease branches or tip of the leaves remain wintering. Ascospores and conidia can be the primary source of infection. Ascospore conidia, respectively, by the wind and rain spread. Pathogenic bacteria invade the host by the wound, the incubation period of 10-15 days. Spore germination without infection, ascospores and conidia at 23-35 ℃ can germinate. The optimum germination temperature is 25-27 ℃. Light is an important condition for the production of fruiting bodies on artificial media. In the exposure culture, bacteria sporulation in maize flour spores on the number of more. The end of June to early July is the main period of transmission of pathogens infection, early onset in July, July, late for the peak incidence. June-July rainy, high humidity can promote the spread of disease aggravate the disease. Application Pentachlorophenol (15 kg / ha) or 1000 times with 70% topitin, 400 times with dextrose 400 times, 1000 times with 8-hydroxyquinoline, 300 times with 40% 300 times, prevention and treatment at the end of June once, or in late June to early July for secondary control, have a certain control effect.