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为加强红花种质资源的研究利用,对筛选出的66份云南红花优异种质资源16个形态性状进行聚类分析与主成分分析。结果表明:云南红花种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,多样性指数最高的是果球着粒数,其次是株高、最末分枝高度和千粒重;性状变异系数最大的是分枝总数,其次分别是单株有效果球数和第一分枝高度,最小的为顶果球直径;基于各种质间形态性状的遗传差异,把66份红花种质聚类并划分为6大类群。第Ⅰ类群可作为有增产潜力的亲本材料,第Ⅲ类群可作为高产量目标选育的亲本,第Ⅳ类群可作为大粒型选育亲本,第Ⅴ类群可作为高含油量选育目标亲本,第Ⅵ类群既是大粒型又是高含油量双重选育目标亲本。11个数量性状的主成分分析结果表明,前4个主成分累计贡献率达82.59%,第一主成分反映植株高度,第二主成分反映产量构成因子,第三、第四主成分分别反映千粒重和果球着粒数。研究结果表明云南红花地方种质资源的变异较大,遗传较丰富。
In order to strengthen the research and utilization of Safflower germplasm resources, the cluster analysis and principal component analysis of 66 morphological characters of 66 excellent germplasm resources of Yunnan safflower were conducted. The results showed that the germplasm resources of Yunnan safflower were rich in genetic diversity. The highest diversity index was the number of bolls per plant, followed by the plant height, the last branch height and 1000-grain weight. The highest coefficient of variation was the total number of branches , Followed by the number of effective fruit trees per plant and the height of the first branch, and the minimum diameter of the top fruit. Based on the genetic differences among the morphological traits, 66 accessions were divided into 6 large Groups. The first group can be used as the parent material with yield potential, the third group can be used as parents of high yield breeding, the fourth group can be used as the parent of large grain type selection, the fifth group can be used as high oil content breeding parents, Ⅵ group is both large grain and high oil content of double breeding target parents. The principal component analysis of eleven quantitative traits showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components reached 82.59%, the first principal component reflected the plant height, the second principal component reflected the yield component factor, and the third and fourth principal components respectively reflected the 1000-grain weight And the ball of grain with grain. The results showed that the variation of Yunnan safflower germplasm resources was relatively large and genetically more abundant.