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在25℃下,将二氧六环分配在苯相和水盐溶液相中,然后用干涉仪测定它在水相中的浓度。所用的盐有氯化钠、乙酸钠、丁酸钠、苯甲酸纳、苯磺酸钠、溴化四甲基铵、溴化四乙基铵和六氢呲啶盐酸盐。根据分配原理,二氧六环在水盐溶液中的活度系数是 f=(C_w)_o/(C_w)_s 我们选择实验条件使(C_B)_o=(C_B)_s,从而得出 f=(C_w)_o/(C_w)_s 作log f对C_s的图,得出八条直线,从直线的斜度得出八个盐析常数。除苯磺酸钠外,其余的盐都起盐析作用,盐析次序是: CH_3COONa>C_3HTCOONa>NaCl>C_5H_uN·HCl>(CH_3)_4NBr>>(C_2H_5)_4NBr>C_6H_5COONa>C_6H_5SO_3Na 对具一种相同离子的盐,盐析常数随反电荷的大离子的体积的增加而下降,定性地证明van der Waals力的盐效应理論正确。
Dioxane was partitioned between the benzene phase and the aqueous salt solution phase at 25 ° C and its concentration in the aqueous phase was then determined with an interferometer. The salts used are sodium chloride, sodium acetate, sodium butyrate, sodium benzoate, sodium benzenesulfonate, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium bromide and hexahydropyridine hydrochloride. According to the principle of partitioning, the activity coefficient of dioxane in water and salt solution is f = (C_w) _o / (C_w) _s. We choose the experimental conditions such that (C_B) _o = (C_B) _s, C_w) _o / (C_w) _s for log f vs C_s, resulting in eight lines from which eight salting-out constants are derived. Except sodium benzenesulfonate, the rest salts all play the role of salt precipitation. The salting-out order is CH_3COONa> C_3HTCOONa> NaCl> C_5H_uN · HCl> (CH_3) _4NBr >> (C_2H_5) _4NBr> C_6H_5COONa> C_6H_5SO_3Na The salt and salting-out constant of ions decrease with the increase of the antiferroelectric ion. The salt effect theory of van der Waals force is qualitatively proved.