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形而上学中的二元对立思维方式长期以来一直占据统治地位,20世纪以来却遭遇了前所未有的挑战。在当下纷繁复杂的“后学”思潮中,以海德格尔为代表的存在论不仅打破了二元关系中对象化的认知方式,而且从它存在的根基上对其进行了颠覆,这种理论思维对重新审视美学学科产生了巨大的冲击。面对现代转型,实践美学积极融合存在论,用新思维看待审美现象;生命美学、现象学美学、超越美学和存在论美学等“后实践美学”直接从存在、现象、生命本身出发,力图超越认识论,在本体论上走向以存在为根本的美学。不过,离开了主客两分的叙述方式,用新思维来建构庞大的美学体系还面临着巨大的挑战。
The paradox of dualism in metaphysics has long dominated and has encountered unprecedented challenges since the 20th century. In the current complex “post-school” trend of thought, the existence theory represented by Heidegger not only broke the objectified cognitive style in the binary relationship, but also subverted it from the foundation of its existence Theoretical thinking has had a tremendous impact on the reexamination of aesthetics. In the face of the modern transformation, practical aesthetics integrates the theory of existence actively and treats the aesthetic phenomena with new thinking. The “post-practice aesthetics” such as life aesthetics, phenomenological aesthetics, transcendence aesthetics and ontological aesthetics directly tries to surpass existence, phenomenon and life itself Epistemology, on the ontology, is based on the existence of aesthetics. However, leaving the dichotomy between subject and object, using the new thinking to construct a huge aesthetic system still faces enormous challenges.