罗丹明是以氧杂蒽为母体的碱性呫吨染料,因其优良的光学性能如吸收系数大、光稳定性好和荧光量子产率高等,常常被选作荧光母体用于金属离子荧光探针的设计和制备。主要对罗丹明类荧光探针在铜离子、汞离子、铁离子检测中的应用进行归纳总结,对其结构特征、作用机理、检测水平和应用范围等进行了详细的比较分析。最后,提出了此类荧光探针目前存在的问题和今后的发展趋势。 Rhodamine is a xanthene dye based on xanthene, which is often chosen as a fluorescent precursor for metal ion fluorescence detection because of its excellent optical properties such as high absorption coefficient, good photostability and high fluorescence quantum yield Needle design and preparation. The main applications of rhodamine-based fluorescent probes in the detection of copper, mercury and iron are summarized, and their structural features, mechanism of action, detection level and application range are analyzed in detail. Finally, the existing problems and future trends of such fluorescent probes are put forward.