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超声、水声等领域中,经常需要较大尺寸的发射型压电陶瓷元件(如外径100毫米以上、壁厚8毫米左右、高度50毫米左右的圆管).在制备时,以往一直存在成品率不高、机电性能较低、一致性差等问题.本文从极化工艺考虑,提出降温升(电)压的具体方法,取得了一定的效果.陶瓷元件加上电压之后,在降温升压过程中,使所加的电场与矫顽场之差保持不变,即:ΔE=E-Ec,E为所加的电场,Ec为矫顽场,使ΔE在降温过程中保持常数.我们将这种方法称为等(电)压差极化法.对于一定的材料,只要选择合适的ΔE,就能使压电陶瓷在极化过程中既不易击穿,又能得到充分极化.
Ultrasound, underwater sound and other fields, often require a larger size of the launch of piezoelectric ceramic components (such as the outer diameter of 100 mm, wall thickness of about 8 mm, a height of about 50 mm round tube.) In the preparation of the past there has been The yield is not high, the electromechanical performance is low, the consistency is poor and so on.In this paper, the specific method of cooling (electric) pressure is put forward from the consideration of the polarization process, and some effects are obtained.When the ceramic component is coupled with the voltage, In the process, the difference between the applied electric field and the coercive field remains unchanged, that is, ΔE = E-Ec, E is the applied electric field and Ec is the coercive field so that ΔE remains constant during cooling. This method is called equal voltage differential polarization method.For a certain material, as long as the appropriate choice of ΔE, can make the piezoelectric ceramic during polarization is not easy to break through, but also be fully polarized.