萨特以“意识的意向性”奠基的实存主义,具有反对本质主义的显赫动机;将实存主义贯彻到底得出“他人就是地狱”的结论,也具有反对规范伦理学的典型意义;但他以此出发构建一种伦理学的理论主张却是不可能实现的。原因在于作为其理论基石的实存主义依然是一种形而上学的致思路径,以此为视点不仅无法实现“自我”与“他人”在理论内部的公度性,而且必然陷入悖谬。 Sutter’s “existentialism” based on “Intentionality of Consciousness” has the obvious motive of opposing essentialism; it has been concluded that “existentialism is the hell of others” and “ But it is impossible for him to set out to construct a theory of ethics. The reason is that the existentialism which is the cornerstone of its theory is still a kind of metaphysical thought path, from which it not only fails to realize the degree of the ”self“ and ”others" within the theory, but also inevitably falls into the paradox .