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自1953年Du Vigneaud等阐明催产素的化学结构,并完成其化学合成以后,催产素在产科领域里的应用更加广泛。它是一种多肽物质,含有8个氨基酸,分子量为1,000,由丘脑下部室旁核的神经元细胞合成,沿下丘脑垂体束的神经轴突流向垂体后叶,由脑垂体后叶释放。释出后很快为胎盘所产生的催产素酶及肝、肾、肠等器官灭活。因此,其人工制剂口服易被胃酸及蛋白酶破坏,注射则吸收良好,作用出现快,静注立即起作用,肌注后3～5分钟发生效应,维持时间短。 Torpin等认为人类非妊娠子宫主要对加压素起反应,早孕子宫对催产素反应很小,随着妊娠月份的增加,子宫对催产素的敏感性逐渐升高,临产达最高
Since 1953 Du Vigneaud et al. Elucidated the chemical structure of oxytocin and completed its chemical synthesis, oxytocin in the field of obstetrics is more widely used. It is a polypeptide material that contains eight amino acids and has a molecular weight of 1,000. It is synthesized by neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and follows the axons of the hypothalamic pituitary tract toward the posterior pituitary gland and is released by the posterior pituitary. Released soon after the placenta produced by the oxytocin and liver, kidney, intestine and other organs inactivated. Therefore, the artificial preparations of oral easily damaged by gastric acid and protease, injection is good absorption, the role of fast, intravenous injection immediately after the effect of 3 to 5 minutes after intramuscular injection, maintaining a short time. Torpin so that the human non-pregnant uterus mainly vasopressin reaction, uterine early pregnancy response to oxytocin is very small, with the increase of the month of pregnancy, uterine oxytocin sensitivity gradually increased, the highest labor