19世纪俄国优秀现实主义作家屠格涅夫在自己的作品中塑造了多种形象,其中水的形象多次出现在作家各种不同体裁的作品中,是最引人注目的形象之一。作家不同作品中水的外在表现形式也不一样,有河水,池水,海水,有静止的、安静的水,还有湍急的、波涛汹涌的水。在作家的作品中有时会仅仅提到某事件是在水池边发生的(例如罗亭和娜达利娅在池塘边分别),有时现实中的池水形象在叙事过程中演变成为一种象征。在《前夜》中起初描绘的是主人公在池塘附近的散步,后来那个池塘的形象出现在叶琳娜具有象征意义的梦中,她的梦与《克拉拉·密里奇》中阿拉托夫的梦类似。 Turgenev, an outstanding Russian realist writer of the 19th century, shaped many images in his own works. Among them, the image of water appeared in many works of different genres of writers and was one of the most striking images. The different manifestations of water in different works by writers vary from river water, pool water, seawater, still and quiet water, to turbulent and choppy water. Sometimes the writer’s work merely mentions that something happened at the pool (for example, Rooting and Naadalia were by the pond), and sometimes the reality of the water pool evolved into a symbol in narrative. Initially depicted in “The Erection,” the protagonist walked around the pond, and later the image of the pond appeared in the symbolic dream of Yelena. Her dream was similar to Aratov’s Dream in “Clara Millic” .