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祖国医药学历史悠久,源远流长,是一个伟大的宝库。在中医的发展过程中,中药剂型也在不断的改革。早在夏禹时代(公元前2140年),就发明了酿酒法,后来利用多种药料制成药酒治病,并有原始的散剂和外敷药。汤剂始于商代(公元前1766年),《黄帝内经》已收载了12个方剂,包括丸、散、膏、丹和酒剂等,并有“汤醪醴论”,专章重点讨论与药剂有关的问题。东汉张仲景(公元150～219年)所著的《伤寒论》、《金匮要略》两书中的定型处方达375种,制订了严密的汤剂操作规程,还发展了栓剂、洗剂、软膏、糖浆和脏器制剂等10多种中药剂型,并首次提出浸膏的制法。在给药方法方面,有口服、含咽、导法、坐药、
The motherland’s medicine has a long history and a long history. It is a great treasure house. In the development of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese pharmaceuticals are also undergoing continuous reforms. As early as the Summer Time (2140 BC), the wine-making method was invented. Later, a variety of medicines were used to make medicinal wines, and there were original powders and external medicines. The decoction started in the Shang Dynasty (1766 BC), and the “Huang Di Nei Jing” has included 12 prescriptions, including pills, powder, paste, dan and liquor, etc. Discuss issues related to pharmaceuticals. In the book “Treatise on Febrile Diseases” and “Golden Chamber Outline” written by Zhang Zhongjing (AD 150-219 AD) in the Eastern Han Dynasty, there were 375 kinds of stereotyped prescriptions. They formulated strict decoction prescriptions, and also developed suppositories, lotions, and ointments. There are more than 10 kinds of pharmaceuticals such as syrups and organ preparations, and for the first time, preparation methods for extracts have been proposed. In the method of administration, there are oral, pharyngeal, diversion, and physiotherapy.