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生物土壤结皮广泛分布于干旱荒漠地区,在干旱和荒漠生态系统中,有重要的生态功能。然而,并不是所有的干旱荒漠区都有生物土壤结皮的分布。在全球和区域尺度上,生物土壤结皮的分布与年降水、凝结水量和土壤含水量呈正相关趋势;温度对生物土壤结皮分布的影响因组成生物土壤结皮的物种而异。小尺度范围内,生物土壤结皮的分布受土壤类型、质地和养分的限制;维管植物对生物土壤结皮分布的影响,暂没有一致的结论。适度干扰对生物土壤结皮分布和生态功能无明显影响,但高强度干扰导致生物土壤结皮结构、功能和分布的退化与减少。全球变化背景下生物土壤结皮的分布变化、不同区域生物土壤结皮分布和演替的差异机理以及受损后恢复过程中的生态功能,将成为以后工作的重点。
Biological soil crusts are widely distributed in arid desert areas and have important ecological functions in arid and desert ecosystems. However, not all arid desert areas have a distribution of biological soil crusts. At the global and regional scales, the distribution of biological soil crusts has a positive correlation with the annual precipitation, the amount of condensate and the soil water content. The effects of temperature on the distribution of biological soil crusts vary with the species that make up the biological soil crusts. Within the small scale, the distribution of biological soil crust was limited by soil types, texture and nutrients. The impact of vascular plants on the distribution of biological soil crusts was not conclusive yet. Moderate disturbance had no significant effect on the distribution of biological soil crusts and ecological function, but the degradation and reduction of biological soil crusts structure, function and distribution resulted from high intensity disturbance. Changes in the distribution of biological soil crusts, differences in the distribution and succession of biological soil crusts in different regions and the ecological functions in the process of restoration after the damage will become the focus of future work in the context of global changes.