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本文是研制用于材料机械性能测试的几种应变式位移计的工作小结。它着重讨论应变式位移计的弹性元件在较大变形条件下位移与应变的线性关系问题;并介绍自行设计、制造的几种应变式位移计及其使用情况。金属材料机械性能测定的自动化很重要的一环是要设计、制造出合适的传感器,将力学量转换成电量来测量、控制、纪录及数据处理等。近十年来,由于材料和工艺水平的不断改进,应变片的质量迅速提高,利用应变片作变换器的传感器愈来愈多。在力学实验中应变式传感器用得很多, 如负荷传感器, 压力传感器,加速度传感器等。这些传感器大多数是商业产品供选购。就目前来看位移传感器国内的产品还较少,迫切需要设计, 制造出各种各样的位移传感器, 以满足现代化测试技术的需要。本文是我们研制用于材料机械性能测试的几种应变式位移计的工作小结,着重讨论应变式位移计的特殊矛盾——弹性元件在大变形条件下位移与应变的线性关系问题。介绍我们设计、制造的几种位移计及其使用情况。由于水平有限,错误与不当之处望同志们批评指正。
This article is the work summary of several strain gauge displacement meters developed for the mechanical properties testing of materials. It focuses on the linear relationship between the displacement and the strain of the elastic element of the strain gauge displacement gauge under large deformation conditions. It also introduces several kinds of strain gauge displacement meters designed and manufactured by themselves and their applications. An important part of the automation of the determination of the mechanical properties of metallic materials is the design and manufacture of suitable sensors that convert mechanical quantities into electrical quantities for measurement, control, documentation and data processing. In the past decade, the quality of strain gauges has been rapidly improved due to the continuous improvement of materials and workmanship. More and more sensors use strain gauges as transducers. In mechanical experiments, strain sensors are used a lot, such as load sensors, pressure sensors, acceleration sensors. Most of these sensors are commercially available. For now the displacement sensor products are still less domestic, there is an urgent need to design and manufacture a variety of displacement sensors to meet the needs of modern test technology. This article is a summary of the work of several strain gauge displacement meters developed for the mechanical properties testing of materials. The special contradiction of strain gauge displacement meters is discussed - the linear relationship between displacement and strain of the elastic components under large deformation conditions. Introduce several types of displacement meters we design and manufacture and their usage. Due to the limited level, mistakes and inadequacies hope comrades criticize and correct.