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临床常见的特发性血小板减少性紫癜(简称ITP)主要表现为血小板计数减少、出血。其病因目前尚不十分清楚,也没有可靠的诊断方法。近年来通过血小板表面相关Ig(PAIg)的测定,确定了ITP可能是一种自身免疫性疾病,患者产生抗自身血小板的抗体,但对这些自身抗体的抗原特异性仍不清楚。本文利用抗血小板的单克隆抗体证明ITP病人的自身抗体中存在抗血小板糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa的抗体。并利用抗糖蛋白Ⅱb/Ⅲa的单克隆抗体建立了测ITP患者血浆自身抗体的双抗体夹心法和测血小板上自身抗体的直接法和竞争法。经初步测定三个方法的阳性率分别为15/45(33.3%)、18/24(75%)、14/18(77.8%)。同时对25例其它原因引起的血小板减少患者进行测定,假阳性率为8.3%。因此这些方法有可能作为ITP的诊断方法。
Clinical common idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (referred to as ITP) mainly for the reduction of platelet count, bleeding. The etiology is not yet clear, there is no reliable diagnostic method. In recent years, determination of platelet surface-associated Ig (PAIg) has determined that ITP may be an autoimmune disease and that patients develop anti-own platelet antibodies, but the antigen specificity of these autoantibodies remains unclear. Antibody platelet glycoprotein IIb / IIIa antibodies were found in the autoantibodies of ITP patients by anti-platelet monoclonal antibody. The monoclonal antibody against glycoprotein Ⅱb / Ⅲa was used to establish the double antibody sandwich method of measuring plasma autoantibodies in patients with ITP and the direct method and competition method of detecting autoantibodies on platelets. After the initial determination of the three methods the positive rates were 15/45 (33.3%), 18/24 (75%), 14/18 (77.8%). At the same time, 25 patients with other causes of thrombocytopenia were measured, the false positive rate was 8.3%. Therefore, these methods may be used as a diagnostic method for ITP.