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纳米金(AuNPs)凭借其独特的物理化学性质在多个领域得到了广泛的应用。相比于传统的化学、物理合成方法,微生物合成AuNPs凭借其环境友好、条件温和、绿色低毒等优势成为纳米技术领域的研究热点。相较于其他微生物,真菌能够分泌大量胞内或胞外蛋白/酶以及生物小分子,能够耐受较高浓度的AuCl_4~-,并且合成AuNPs的速度快、产量高、尺寸较为均一,因此具有大规模生产AuNPs的潜力。文章主要从合成AuNPs的真菌资源、影响纳米粒子形态的因素、合成机制与应用等方面进行综述,提出利用人工真菌群落合成AuNPs的新概念,并对未来该研究方向进行展望。
AuNPs have been widely used in many fields due to their unique physicochemical properties. Compared with the traditional methods of chemical and physical synthesis, AuNPs synthesized by microorganisms have become the research hotspots in the field of nanotechnology due to their environmental friendliness, mild conditions and low toxicity to green. Compared with other microorganisms, fungi can secrete a large amount of intracellular or extracellular proteins / enzymes and small biological molecules, which can tolerate AuCl_4 ~ - with higher concentration. AuNPs are faster, more productive and more uniform in size. Therefore, The potential for mass production of AuNPs. In this paper, the fungal resources of synthesized AuNPs, the factors influencing the morphology of nanoparticles, the synthesis mechanism and application of AuNPs were reviewed. A new concept of synthesizing AuNPs from artificial fungal communities was proposed, and the future direction of the study was prospected.