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目的观察寒冷、高盐和复合刺激对大鼠24h尿微量白蛋白(MAU)与视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)排出量的影响,以探讨不同应激对肾小管和肾小球功能损害的差异。方法雄性SD大鼠32只,随机分为4组:对照组、寒冷组(每天于5℃人工气候箱4h)、高盐组(含8%食盐饲料喂养)、复合组(8%食盐饲料和冷刺激),每组8只。每周测收缩压2次,为期8周,计算收缩压曲线下面积(SBP-AUC)。于第3天、4周末、8周末收集24h尿液,计测24hMAU和尿RBP排出量。结果 8周期间复合组、寒冷组和高盐组的SBP-AUC均明显高于对照组[(938.6±52.9)、(871.2±52.5)和(866.4±56.2)比(777.6±26.7)mmHg.周,均P<0.01],但高盐组与寒冷组之间差异无统计学意义。寒冷组8周末24hMAU排出量明显高于高盐组[(5.4±0.9)比(4.4±0.8)mg,P<0.01];复合组、寒冷组和高盐组24h尿RBP排出量均明显高于对照组[(109.7±19.4)、(71.5±20.1)和(86.9±9.7)比(37.3±13.6)μg,均P<0.01]。寒冷组虽低于高盐组,但差异无统计学意义。虽然3个干预组24hMAU和尿RBP排出量之间均呈显著正相关,但寒冷组相关性较高盐组更强(r=0.78和r=0.56,P<0.01)。结论在收缩压负荷相似的情况下,寒冷应激导致更为明显的肾小球功能损害,而高盐更易损害肾小管功能。
Objective To observe the effect of cold, high salt and compound stimulation on 24h urinary albumin (MAU) and retinol binding protein (RBP) excretion in rats to explore the different stress on renal tubular and glomerular dysfunction . Methods Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, cold group (4h per day at 5 ℃), high salt group (8% salt diet), compound group (8% Cold stimulation), each group of eight. Systolic blood pressure was measured twice a week for 8 weeks, and the area under the systolic pressure curve (SBP-AUC) was calculated. At the third day, the fourth weekend and the eighth weekend, urine samples were collected for 24hMAU and urinary RBP excretion. Results The SBP-AUC of the composite group, the cold group and the high salt group were significantly higher than those of the control group [(938.6 ± 52.9), (871.2 ± 52.5) and (866.4 ± 56.2) vs (777.6 ± 26.7) mmHg , Both P <0.01], but there was no significant difference between the high salt group and the cold group. 24h excretion of 24hMAU in the cold group was significantly higher than that in the high salt group [(5.4 ± 0.9) vs (4.4 ± 0.8) mg, P <0.01], and the urinary excretion of RBP in the combination group, the cold group and the high salt group The control group [(109.7 ± 19.4), (71.5 ± 20.1) and (86.9 ± 9.7) vs (37.3 ± 13.6) μg, all P <0.01]. Although the cold group is lower than the high salt group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Although there was a significant positive correlation between 24hMAU and urinary RBP excretion in the three intervention groups, the correlation between the cold group and the high salt group was stronger (r = 0.78 and r = 0.56, P <0.01). Conclusions In the case of similar systolic blood pressure load, cold stress leads to more obvious glomerular dysfunction, while high salt is more likely to impair renal tubular function.