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一、跨国公司的历史与现状跨国公司对世界政治、经济和社会的发展影响深远。19世纪末20世纪初,首批跨国公司形成并得到发展,这些公司多数是原材料垄断公司,二战后,在世界经济中占比重很大。20世纪50年代中期,美欧和日本的垄断公司受对外投资迅速增长的影响,发展很快,其中通讯和信息技术发展尤其迅速,同时世界贸易也不断扩大。新技术公司替代了以掠夺廉价原材料为主的公司,靠新技术控制了全球的生产和贸易活动,其突出特点是灵活、高效、多面。在这些公司发展的同时,跨国银行的作用也越来越大。
I. History and Status Quo of Multinational Corporations Multinational corporations have far-reaching effects on the world’s political, economic and social development. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the first multinational corporations formed and developed. Most of these companies are monopoly raw materials. After World War II, they accounted for a large proportion of the world economy. In the mid-1950s, the monopolies in the United States, Europe and Japan were rapidly affected by the rapid growth of foreign investment. In particular, the development of communications and information technology was particularly rapid and the world trade expanded continuously. New technology companies have replaced companies that predominate from low-cost raw materials and controlled the world’s production and trading activities with new technologies that are characterized by flexibility, efficiency and versatility. While these companies are developing, the role of multinational banks is also growing.