Thermal stability and electrical transport properties of Ge/Sn-codoped single crystalline β-Zn_4Sb_3

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This study prepares a group of single crystalline β-Zn_4Sb_3 with Ge and Sn codoped by the Sn-flux method according to the nominal stoichiometric ratios of Zn_(4.4)Sb_3 Ge_xSn_3(x = 0–0.15). The prepared samples possess a metallic luster surface with perfect appearance and large crystal sizes. The microscopic cracks or defects are invisible in the samples from the back-scattered electron image. Except for the heavily Ge-doped sample of x = 0.15, all the samples are single phase with space group R3c. The thermal analysis results show that the samples doped with Ge exhibit an excellent thermal stability.Compared with the polycrystalline Ge-substituted β-Zn_4Sb_3, the present single crystals have higher carrier mobility, and hence the electrical conductivity is improved, which reaches 7.48×10~4S·m~(-1) at room temperature for the x = 0.1 sample.The change of Ge and Sn contents does not improve the Seebeck coefficient significantly. Benefiting from the increased electrical conductivity, the sample with x = 0.075 gets the highest power factor of 1.45×10~(-3)W·m~(-1)·K~(-2) at 543 K. This study prepares a group of single crystalline β-Zn_4Sb_3 with Ge and Sn codoped by the Sn-flux method according to the nominal stoichiometric ratios of Zn_ (4.4) Sb_3 Ge_xSn_3 (x = 0-0.15). The prepared samples possess a metallic luster surface with perfect appearance and large crystal sizes. The microscopic cracks or defects are invisible in the samples from the back-scattered electron image. Except for the heavily Ge-doped sample of x = 0.15, all the samples are single phase with space group R3c . The thermal analysis results show that the samples doped with Ge exhibit an excellent thermal stability. Compared with the polycrystalline Ge-substituted β-Zn_4Sb_3, the present single crystals have higher carrier mobility, and therefore the electrical conductivity is improved, which reaches 7.48 × 10 ~ 4S · m -1 at room temperature for x = 0.1 sample. The change of Ge and Sn contents does not improve the Seebeck coefficient significantly. Benefiting from the increased electrical conductivi ty, the sample with x = 0.075 gets the highest power factor of 1.45 × 10 -3 W · m -1 K -2 (at-543K).
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