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从“三冬运动”谈起一九四二年,抗日战争正处于最艰苦的时期,敌人集中优势兵力向我抗日根据地进行着疯狂的“清剿”、“扫荡”,为了动员广大根据地军民胜利地开展对敌斗争,苏中抗日根据地在这年冬天开展了“三冬运动”。“三多”指的是冬耕、冬防、冬学。冬耕,就是要发展农业生产,争取多打粮食,改善人民生活,支援抗战;冬防,就是要加紧备战,开展武装斗争,坚决粉碎敌人的“清剿”、“扫荡”;而冬学则是一个群众的政治教育运动,要求向广大群众进行形势与任务的宣传教育,不断启发群众的政治觉悟,鼓舞他们积极投入斗争,努力完成当前的各项中心任务。苏中抗日根据地大规模地开展冬学运动,就是从这一年冬天开始的,此后就年年办冬学,形成一种经常的群众教育的制度。
Starting from the “Three Winter Campaigns” In 1942, the war of resistance against Japan was in the most difficult period. The enemy concentrated its superior forces to carry on the crazy “clean-up” and “mopping-up” campaigns against the Japanese anti-Japanese base areas. In order to mobilize vast numbers of military and civilian victories in the base areas, To carry out the struggle against the enemy, the Anti-Japanese Base in the Soviet Union and China carried out the “Three Winter Campaign” this winter. “More than three” refers to winter farming, winter prevention, winter learning. Winter plowing means to develop agricultural production, strive for more food, improve people’s lives and support the war of resistance. Winter prevention means to step up preparations for armed conflicts and carry out armed struggle, resolutely smash the enemy’s “cleanup” and “mopping up” A mass political education movement demands that the general public should be educated about the situation and the tasks of the masses and constantly inspire the masses’ political awareness so that they will actively engage themselves in the struggle and strive to accomplish the current tasks of the center. The Soviet-Chinese anti-Japanese base area carried out a large-scale winter-day movement, which started in the winter of this year, and then held winter school year after year to form a regular mass education system.