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正当防卫是由公民的个人行为和国家的特殊授权组成。国家特殊授权是权利救济,是公力救济;公民个人行为是行为救济,是私力救济。因此,正当防卫是公力救济与私力救济相结合的产物。更为特殊的是,正当防卫表现出权利与行为的相对运动,其权利救济是国家刑罚权对公民权利的救济,是公权对私权的自上而下的补充,其权利的运行方向是下行的;而其私力救济是公民防卫行为对国家刑罚的补充,是私力行为对国家行为的自下而上的补充,其行为的运行方向是上行的。
Self-defense is made up of the individual acts of citizens and the special authorization of the state. State special authorization is the right to relief, is a public relief; citizen’s personal behavior is behavioral relief, is private relief. Therefore, legitimate defense is the product of the combination of public and private remedies. More specifically, when justifiable defense shows the relative movement of rights and behaviors, the remedy of its rights is the remedy of civil penalties to civil rights and the top-down supplement of public rights to private rights. The direction of its rights is And its private remedy is a complement to the national penalty for civil defense behavior. It is a bottom-up supplement to national behavior by private behavior, and its behavior is going upwards.