目的　观察胶质细胞源性神经营养因子受体 - α(GDNFR- α)在体外培养的大鼠脊髓和背根节神经元中的分布 ,探讨 GDNF对脊髓运动神经元和感觉神经元的作用。　方法　原代培养脊髓和背根节神经元 ,5 d后行抗 GDNFR- α多克隆抗体免疫组织化学 SP法染色。　结果　 GDNF免疫反应存在于体外培养的脊髓神经元、背根节神经元以及胶质细胞中。　结论　 GDNF可能对脊髓神经元、背根节神经元和胶质细胞的生理功能具有一定的调节作用 Objective To observe the distribution of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-α (GDNFR-α) in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion neurons cultured in vitro and to explore the effect of GDNF on motor and sensory neurons in spinal cord. Methods Primary cultured spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion neurons were stained with anti-GDNFR-α polyclonal antibody SP immunohistochemistry 5 days later. Results GDNF immunoreactivity was found in cultured spinal cord neurons, dorsal root ganglion neurons and glial cells. Conclusion GDNF may play a regulatory role in the physiological function of spinal cord neurons, dorsal root ganglion neurons and glial cells