近年来,橡胶弹簧在铁道车辆中获得日益广泛的应用。但是往往由于对减振橡胶的工程特性缺乏了解,而不能充分利用和发挥橡胶弹簧的优点。此外,虽然橡胶弹簧的形状一般都较简单,但要精确计算其弹性特性却相当困难。因为它不是纯弹性体,而是属于粘-弹性材料,所以其力学特性比较复杂。在设计橡胶弹簧时,首先要碰到的一个 In recent years, rubber springs have gained increasingly widespread use in rail vehicles. But often due to the lack of understanding of the engineering characteristics of the rubber damping, but can not take full advantage of and play the advantages of rubber springs. In addition, although the shape of the rubber spring is generally simpler, it is quite difficult to accurately calculate its elastic characteristics. Because it is not a pure elastomer, but belongs to the visco-elastic material, so its mechanical properties are more complicated. When designing a rubber spring, one of the first to hit