一.引论要预报天气,先要明瞭大气界的情形,也就是先得观测天气。所谓观测,不仅是地面上的气象观测,并且也包括了高空气象要素的观测。这因为大气是相当厚的,如果我们只做地面观测,就只能知道近地面这一层空气的性质,对于高空——就是地面以上大部分的大气底性质还是不明白。所以我们需要观测整个大气层,需要高空观测。虽然靠了肉眼所能见得的,以及用地面观测的仪器所能把握到的一些知识,云象、天气 I. INTRODUCTION To predict the weather, first understand the atmosphere of the situation, that is, the first observation of the weather. The so-called observation, not only on the ground meteorological observations, and also includes observations of high-altitude meteorological elements. This is because the atmosphere is quite thick. If we only do surface observations, we can only know the nature of the air near the ground. For the upper air, that is, most of the air above the ground is still not understood. So we need to observe the entire atmosphere and we need aerial observations. Although by the naked eye can see, as well as with ground observation equipment can grasp some of the knowledge, cloud images, weather