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能使飞行系统获得精确数学模型的先进试验技术与数据收集技术,对日益增多的仿真已成为一个重要的助手。早期的仿真只用于测试在实际环境下惯性仪表这种单个部件,但随着末制导探测器的发展,所敏感的信息与系统之间的相互作用使地面实验更趋复杂。电视、半主动激光、红外与雷达等仿真室围绕中央计算机设施组建,中央计算机能够轮流为每个单元服务,并可同时为各单元提供有限的功能。在某些情况下,这些技术是联合使用的。本文给出了一个例子,即一个改进了的雷达制导试验室,在研制与试验点跟踪雷达与红外双模制导系统中可同时进行雷达和红外仿真。这样的制导系统必须在精确控制的动态的、实时的模拟环境条件下对目标截获、识别与跟踪能力进行试验。红外制导系统可以在3—5或8—14微米波段以被动方式工作。本文简单列举了系统的要求,描述了实验室的主要分系统,重点是旋转与平移运动系统、无反射室室、线性阵列目标天线系统、雷达生成系统、IR目标系统与计算机等的特点。这个实验室的主要新特点是其线性阵列目标天线系统与雷达生成系统,可提供四个不同的雷达发射源,同时仿真各自独立的RF源。这些信号源可模拟地对空导弹(SAM)、搜索或早期预警雷达、来自被照射目标的脉冲雷达回波及各种类型的脉冲与连续波ECM信号。同时也能仿真大气吸收、多卜勒频移、目标横截面偏差及闪烁现象。本文还阐述了用以规定所需系统性能的标准、标准选择的理由与试验室试验结果。文中还讨论了实验窒的基建和营运费用,其中一个重要的因素是设施的预期使用寿命。技术是不断更新的。如果没有技术更新,实验室有效使用寿命为5年到10年。文中以一个光电实验室为例,说明其技术逐渐陈旧而后更新的情况。
Advanced testing techniques and data collection techniques that enable the flight system to obtain accurate mathematical models have become an important aid to increasing simulation. Early simulations were only used to test this single component of an inertial instrument in a real world environment. However, with the development of the terminal guidance probe, the interaction between the sensitive information and the system made the surface experiment more complicated. Simulation rooms such as televisions, semi-active lasers, infrared and radar are built around a central computer facility that central computers can serve each unit in turn and provide limited functionality to each unit at the same time. In some cases, these technologies are used in combination. An example is given in this paper, an improved radar guidance lab that simulates both radar and infrared simultaneously in the development and test point tracking radar and infrared dual-mode guidance systems. Such a guidance system must experiment with target acquisition, recognition and tracking capabilities under precisely controlled, dynamic, real-time simulated environmental conditions. Infrared guidance systems can operate passively in the 3-5 or 8-14 micron band. This paper briefly lists the system requirements, describes the main subsystems of the laboratory, and focuses on the characteristics of rotating and translational motion systems, non-reflective room, linear array target antenna system, radar generation system, IR target system and computer. The main new feature of this lab is its linear array of target antenna systems and radar generation systems, which provide four different radar sources and simulate separate RF sources. These sources can simulate surface-to-air missiles (SAMs), search or early warning radars, pulsed radar echoes from illuminated targets, and various types of pulsed and continuous-wave ECM signals. Atmospheric absorption, Doppler shift, target cross-section deviation and flickering can also be simulated. This article also describes the criteria used to define the required system performance, the rationale for the standard selection, and the laboratory test results. The article also discusses the experimental construction costs and operating costs, one of the most important factors is the expected service life of the facility. Technology is constantly updated. If there is no technical update, the effective life of the laboratory is 5 years to 10 years. In this paper, a photoelectric laboratory as an example, indicating that its technology is gradually aging and then updated.