目的了解流动人口血吸虫病防治知识知晓及行为情况,为开展流动人口血吸虫病防治提供科学依据。方法采用意图抽样法在上海市选取来自血吸虫病流行省份的流动人口,采用整群抽样法在湖南、湖北、江西、安徽、江苏、四川和云南省的血吸虫病流行村及上海市选取常住居民。运用个人问卷调查法调查个人基本情况,血吸虫病基本知识知晓情况和预防行为。对流动人口、流出地和流入地常住人口的血吸虫病防治知识知晓情况进行比较。结果本次共调查了1 278名对象,其中男性62.4%(797/1 278),女性37.6%(481/1 278)。流动人口529名,流入地常住人口309名,流出地常住人口440名。流动人口关于知道血吸虫病(26.1%)、感染原因(31.9%)、疾病危害(39.5%)、病畜(人)粪便传播血吸虫病(22.1%)、中间宿主(17.6%)、预防措施(25.9%)和治疗药物(11.0%)等7项问题的知晓率,较流入地和流出地常住人口的知晓率均低;流动人口有关血吸虫病预防行为的野粪(野外用厕)行为(22.9%)、在户籍地接受血吸虫病检查(4.3%)、疫水接触(28.9%)、遵医嘱服药(53.5%)和愿意在务工地接受血吸虫病查治(65.8%)等预防行为,与流入地人群的行为有差异,流动人口的行为情况低于流入地人群的情况,其中野粪行为高于流入地人群;自行服药行为(9.8%)和接触疫水防护行为(51.0%)相仿。流动人口在户籍地接受血吸虫病检查、疫水接触、疫水接触时防护行为、自行服药行为、遵医嘱服药和愿意在务工地接受血吸虫病查治的行为,与流出地人群的行为情况相比有差异,野粪(野外用厕)行为与流出地人群的相仿。结论流动人口的血吸虫病基本知识知晓程度和预防行为均差于流入地和流出地常住人口的情况,应将干预措施前移,在流出地加强外出人口防治血吸虫病健康教育和查治措施。 Objective To understand the knowledge and behavior of schistosomiasis prevention and control in floating population and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis in floating population. Methods Intentional sampling was used to select floating population from endemic provinces of schistosomiasis in Shanghai. Cluster sampling was used to select permanent residents of schistosomiasis endemic villages in Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces and Shanghai. Use of personal questionnaire survey of the basic situation of individuals, schistosomiasis awareness of basic knowledge and preventive behavior. Comparisons were made between the knowledge of prevention and treatment of schistosomiasis among floating population, outflow area and resident population in inflow. Results A total of 1,278 subjects were investigated, including 62.4% (797/1 278) of males and 37.6% (481/1 278) of females. The floating population of 529, the influx of permanent population of 309, outflow to the permanent population of 440. The floating population knew about schistosomiasis (26.1%), the cause of infection (31.9%), disease (39.5%), schistosomiasis (22.1% (22.9%) of the floating population were aware of the awareness rate of the 7 issues such as the treatment of schistosomiasis (11.0%) and the treatment of drugs (11.0%), ), Schistosomiasis check (4.3%), epidemic contact (28.9%), medication prescribed by the doctor (53.5%) and willingness to accept schistosomiasis check (65.8%) at the place of employment, The behavior of the population is different, the behavior of the floating population is lower than that of the population entering the area, of which the behavior of the wild faeces is higher than that of the inflow population; the self-medication behavior (9.8%) is similar to that of the contact water protection (51.0%). Floating population in the domicile to accept schistosomiasis inspection, exposure to water, protective contact with water exposure behavior, taking their own behavior, prescribed medication and willing to accept schistosomiasis at the site of investigation and treatment of behavior, compared with the behavior of people out of the crowd There are differences, wild manure (field toilet) behavior and crowd out of the crowd. Conclusions The knowledge of schistosomiasis and the preventative behavior of migrant workers in migrant population are both worse than those of the permanent residents in the inflow and outflow areas. The interventions should be moved forward and the out-going population should be strengthened to prevent and control schistosomiasis health education and investigation and treatment measures.