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目的了解初中男生的尝试戒烟率、戒烟成功率及其影响因素。方法用自填式问卷对4658名初中男生进行横断面调查,收集人口学资料、学校情况、有关吸烟与健康的知识和态度以及个人吸烟和戒烟行为等信息。结果初中男生的规律吸烟率为7·6%,68·6%的规律吸烟男生在过去12个月中尝试过戒烟,戒烟成功率为17·2%。前两位的戒烟动机是“吸烟会影响健康”和“有人劝我戒烟”。筛选出4个有统计学意义的影响尝试戒烟的因素,促进戒烟的有“曾经被人劝戒烟”、“健康缘故”、“心情不好时才吸烟”和“父母反对吸烟”等。另外,有2个影响因素与戒烟成功有统计学关联:“曾接触过反烟宣传”能促使戒烟成功,而“经常在校外吸烟”是阻碍因素。结论大部分规律吸烟者尝试过戒烟,但成功率低。应根据青少年的生理和心理特点,整合学校、家庭和社会等多方力量来帮助其成功戒烟。
Objective To understand junior high school boys’ attempt to quit smoking, smoking cessation success rate and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 4658 junior high school boys were investigated by cross-sectional self-administered questionnaires to collect demographic data, school conditions, knowledge and attitudes about smoking and health as well as individual smoking and smoking cessation behaviors. Results The prevalence of regular smoking among junior middle school boys was 7.6%. 68.6% of regular smoking boys tried to quit smoking in the past 12 months, and the smoking cessation rate was 17.2%. The first two quit motivation is “smoking will affect health” and “someone advised me to quit smoking.” Four statistically significant factors influencing smoking cessation were screened out. Among the smoking cessation factors, there were “people who were persuaded to quit smoking”, “health reasons”, “smoking when feeling in a bad mood” and “parental opposition to smoking”. In addition, two influential factors were statistically associated with the success of smoking cessation: “Having had anti-smoking campaigns” contributed to the success of smoking cessation and “regular smoking outside school” was a deterrent. Conclusion Most regular smokers tried to quit smoking, but the success rate was low. Should be based on the physical and psychological characteristics of adolescents, schools, families and the community and other integrated forces to help them successfully quit smoking.